Abdullah al-Khurasani said,
“The Messenger of Allah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) said, ‘Shake hands and rancour will disappear. Give gifts to each other and love each other and enmity will disappear.’ ”
وَحَدَّثَنِي عَنْ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ أَبِي مُسْلِمٍ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم “ تَصَافَحُوا يَذْهَبِ الْغِلُّ وَتَهَادَوْا تَحَابُّوا وَتَذْهَبِ الشَّحْنَاءُ ” .
[Muwatta Malik, Book of Good Character]
Talhah ibn Ubaidullah reported:
At the sight of the new moon (of the lunar month), the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) used to supplicate:
اللهم أهله علينا بالأمن والإيمان والسلامة والإسلام، ربي وربك الله، هلال رشد وخير
Allahumma ahillahu ‘alaina bil-amni wal-iman, was-salamati wal-Islam, Rabbi wa Rabbuk-Allah, Hilalu rushdin wa khairin
O Allah, let this moon appear on us with security and Iman; with safety and Islam. (O moon!) Your Rubb and mine is Allah. May this moon be bringing guidance and good
[At- Tirmidhi]
عن طلحة بن عبيد الله رضي الله عنه أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم كان إذا رأى الهلال قال: ”
اللهم أهله علينا بالأمن والإيمان والسلامة والإسلام، ربي وربك الله، هلال رشد وخير
((رواه الترمذي وقال: حديث حسن))
.
Narrated Ibn Jaz:
“I have not seen anyone who smiled more than the Messenger of Allah (صلى الله عليه وسلم).”
[Jam’I Tirmidhi: Chapter on Virtues]
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ جَزْءٍ، قَالَ مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا أَكْثَرَ تَبَسُّمًا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم . قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ .
Narrated Jarir:
“The Messenger of Allah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) never screened me since I accepted Islam, nor did he look at me except that he smiled.”
[Jam’I Tirmidhi: Chapter on Virtues]
عَنْ جَرِيرٍ، قَالَ مَا حَجَبَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مُنْذُ أَسْلَمْتُ وَلاَ رَآنِي إِلاَّ تَبَسَّمَ . قَالَ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ .
Jarir ibn Abdullah says, After I accepted Islam, Rasoolullah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) never prohibited me from attending his assemblies. Whenever he saw me he smiled.
[Shama’il Muhammadiyah]
عَنْ جَرِيرٍ، قَالَ: مَا حَجَبَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، وَلا رَآنِي مُنْذُ أَسْلَمْتُ إِلا تَبَسَّمَ.
Narrated Zaid ibn Thabit that the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) said: “O people! Perform your prayers at your homes, for the best prayer of a person is what is performed at his home except the compulsory congregational prayer.”
[Bukhari]
“ مَا زَالَ بِكُمُ الَّذِي رَأَيْتُ مِنْ صَنِيعِكُمْ، حَتَّى خَشِيتُ أَنْ يُكْتَبَ عَلَيْكُمْ، وَلَوْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَا قُمْتُمْ بِهِ فَصَلُّوا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ، فَإِنَّ أَفْضَلَ صَلاَةِ الْمَرْءِ فِي بَيْتِهِ، إِلاَّ الصَّلاَةَ الْمَكْتُوبَةَ ”.
Full hadith:
The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) took a room made of date palm leaves mats in the mosque. Allah’s Messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم) prayed in it for a few nights till the people gathered (to pray the night prayer (Tarawih) (behind him.) Then on the 4th night the people did not hear his voice and they thought he had slept, so some of them started humming in order that he might come out. The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) then said, “You continued doing what I saw you doing till I was afraid that this (Tarawih prayer) might be enjoined on you, and if it were enjoined on you, you would not continue performing it. Therefore, O people! Perform your prayers at your homes, for the best prayer of a person is what is performed at his home except the compulsory congregational) prayer.”
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَفَّانُ، حَدَّثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ، حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَ، سَمِعْتُ أَبَا النَّضْرِ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ بُسْرِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم اتَّخَذَ حُجْرَةً فِي الْمَسْجِدِ مِنْ حَصِيرٍ، فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فِيهَا لَيَالِيَ، حَتَّى اجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ نَاسٌ، ثُمَّ فَقَدُوا صَوْتَهُ لَيْلَةً فَظَنُّوا أَنَّهُ قَدْ نَامَ، فَجَعَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَتَنَحْنَحُ لِيَخْرُجَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ “ مَا زَالَ بِكُمُ الَّذِي رَأَيْتُ مِنْ صَنِيعِكُمْ، حَتَّى خَشِيتُ أَنْ يُكْتَبَ عَلَيْكُمْ، وَلَوْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَا قُمْتُمْ بِهِ فَصَلُّوا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ، فَإِنَّ أَفْضَلَ صَلاَةِ الْمَرْءِ فِي بَيْتِهِ، إِلاَّ الصَّلاَةَ الْمَكْتُوبَةَ ”.
Anas reported:
The supplication most often recited by the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) was:
اللهم آتنا في الدنيا حسنة، وفي الآخرة حسنة، وقنا عذاب النار
Allahumma atina fid-dunya hasanatan, wa fil-akhirati hasanatan, wa qina ‘adhab-annar
(O our Rubb! give us in this world that which is good and in the Hereafter that which is good, and save us from the punishment of the Fire)
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
In the narration of Muslim it is added that whenever Anas supplicated, he used to beseech Allah with this Du’a.
وعن أنس رضي الله عنه، قال: كان أكثر دعاء النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: “اللهم آتنا في الدنيا حسنة، وفي الآخرة حسنة، وقنا عذاب النار” ((متفق عليه)).
زاد مسلم في روايته قال: وكان أنس إذا أراد أن يدعو بدعوة دعا بها، وإذا أراد أن يدعو بدعاء دعا بها فيه.
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah’s Messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم) said, “Fasting is a shield (or a screen or a shelter). So, the person observing fasting should avoid sexual relation with his wife and should not behave foolishly and impudently, and if somebody fights with him or abuses him, he should tell him twice, ‘I am fasting.” The Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) added, “By Him in Whose Hands my soul is, the smell coming out from the mouth of a fasting person is better in the sight of Allah than the smell of musk. (Allah says about the fasting person), ‘He has left his food, drink and desires for My sake. The fast is for Me. So I will reward (the fasting person) for it and the reward of good deeds is multiplied ten times.”
[Bukhari]
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ “ الصِّيَامُ جُنَّةٌ، فَلاَ يَرْفُثْ وَلاَ يَجْهَلْ، وَإِنِ امْرُؤٌ قَاتَلَهُ أَوْ شَاتَمَهُ فَلْيَقُلْ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ. مَرَّتَيْنِ، وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَخُلُوفُ فَمِ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ، يَتْرُكُ طَعَامَهُ وَشَرَابَهُ وَشَهْوَتَهُ مِنْ أَجْلِي، الصِّيَامُ لِي، وَأَنَا أَجْزِي بِهِ، وَالْحَسَنَةُ بِعَشْرِ أَمْثَالِهَا ”.
Anas ibn Malik reported this hadith (with a slight variation of wording) Then Allah’s Messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ate and the people of his house also ate. but (still) there was left a surplus, which they sent to their neighbours.
[Muslim]
عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَقَالَ فِيهِ ثُمَّ أَكَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَكَلَ أَهْلُ الْبَيْتِ وَأَفْضَلُوا مَا أَبْلَغُوا جِيرَانَهُمْ .
This action is not only limited to Muslim neighbours but to non-Muslim neighbours too.
Mujahid reported that a sheep was slaughtered for ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Amr. He asked his slave, ‘Have you given any to our Jewish neighbour? Have you given any to our Jewish neighbour? I heard the Messenger of Allah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) say, ‘Jibril kept on recommending that I treat my neighbours well until I thought that he would order me to treat them as my heirs.'”
[Al-Adab Al-Mufrad 105 / Sahih Albani]
عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، أَنَّهُ ذُبِحَتْ لَهُ شَاةٌ، فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ لِغُلاَمِهِ: أَهْدَيْتَ لِجَارِنَا الْيَهُودِيِّ؟ أَهْدَيْتَ لِجَارِنَا الْيَهُودِيِّ؟ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ: مَا زَالَ جِبْرِيلُ يُوصِينِي بِالْجَارِ حَتَّى ظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ سَيُوَرِّثُهُ
Abu Dharr reported Allah’s Messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم) as saying:
Abu Dharr, when you prepare the broth, add water to that and give that (as a present) to your neighbour.
[Muslim]
عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ” يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ إِذَا طَبَخْتَ مَرَقَةً فَأَكْثِرْ مَاءَهَا وَتَعَاهَدْ جِيرَانَكَ ” .
Abu Hurairah reported:
O Muslim women, never belittle any gift you give your neighbour even if it is a hoof of a sheep”.
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim].
الثامن: عنه قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: “ يا نساء المسلمات لا تحقرن جارة لجارتها ولو فرسن شاة” ((متفق عليه)).
Narrated Anas ibn Malik:
I saw Allah’s Messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم) drinking milk. He came to my house and I milked a sheep and then mixed the milk with water from the well for Allah’s Messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم). He took the bowl and drank while on his left there was sitting Abu Bakr, and on his right there was a bedouin. He then gave the remaining milk to the bedouin and said, “The right! The right (first).
[Bukhari]
قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ أَنَّهُ رَأَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم شَرِبَ لَبَنًا، وَأَتَى دَارَهُ فَحَلَبْتُ شَاةً فَشُبْتُ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مِنَ الْبِئْرِ، فَتَنَاوَلَ الْقَدَحَ فَشَرِبَ، وَعَنْ يَسَارِهِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعَنْ يَمِينِهِ أَعْرَابِيٌّ، فَأَعْطَى الأَعْرَابِيَّ فَضْلَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ “ الأَيْمَنَ فَالأَيْمَنَ ”.
Ibn ‘Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) ordered that the Zakat Al-Fitr should be paid before the people go out for prayer.
[Muslim]
، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَمَرَ بِزَكَاةِ الْفِطْرِ أَنْ تُؤَدَّى قَبْلَ خُرُوجِ النَّاسِ إِلَى الصَّلاَةِ .
It is also a common misconception that Zakat Al-Fitr is payed in money when infact it is paid in food.
Abu Sa’id al Khudri reported:
We used to take out the Zakat of Fitr in three kinds, cheese, dates and barley.
[Muslim]
عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ، قَالَ كُنَّا نُخْرِجُ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ مِنْ ثَلاَثَةِ أَصْنَافٍ الأَقِطِ وَالتَّمْرِ وَالشَّعِيرِ .
For more on the fiqh of Zakat Al-Fitr see this Zakāh al-Fitr Q&A from and this article from SunnahOnline – Zakat ul Fitr.
‘Aishah reported:
The Messenger of Allah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) used to strive more in worship during Ramadan than he strove in any other time of the year; and he would devote himself more (in the worship of Allah) in the last ten nights of Ramadan than he strove in earlier part of the month.
[Muslim]
وعنها قالت: كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ، يجتهد في رمضان ما لا يجتهد في غيره، وفي العشر الأواخر منه، ما لا يجتهد في غيره” ((رواه مسلم)).
“The showers of mercy and blessings are heaped on the believers during the last ten nights of Ramadan. It is time to put more effort and be more dedicated. It is a golden chance for those who were careless in the past days of Ramadan to make up and get a great share of the Ramadan’s reward. And it is a long awaited season for the devoted to get closer to Allah and to ascend in higher ranks of dedication.”
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